'Queen rashly asks her new parrot who is more beautiful, she or his former owner Princess Padmavati of Sri Lanka. Naturally, she gets a displeasing answer.' An illustrated manuscript of Padmavat, c. 1750 Padmavat (or Padmawat) is an written in 1540 by, who wrote it in the of, and originally in the Persian. It is the oldest extant text among the important works in Awadhi. A famous piece of from the period, it relates an fictional story about the 's desire for the titular, the Queen of. Alauddin Khalji and Padmavati's husband are historical figures, whereas Padmavati is a fictional character.
He has been brilliant writer (esp dialogue writer ) of many hit serials like kunku, vadalvat, asambhav ELDG, GHH etc. But as an actor he has.
Contents. Plot , the princess of the, is close friends with the Hiraman.
Her father disapproves of their closeness, and orders the parrot to be killed. The parrot flies away to escape the punishment, but is captured by a bird catcher, and ultimately ends up as a pet of the ruler. Inspired by the parrot's description of Padmavati's beauty, Ratansen decides to visit the Singhal kingdom. Joined by his 16,000 vassals and princes, and with the parrot as his guide, he reaches Singhal after crossing the seven seas. There, he tries to win Padmavati by performing in a temple. Informed by the parrot, Padmavati visits the temple and returns without meeting Ratansen, although she begins to long for him. Meanwhile, at the temple, Ratansen decides to commit suicide for having missed her.
The deities and intervene, and Shiva advises him to attack the fortress of Singhal. Disguised as ascetics, Ratansen and his followers attack the fortress, but are captured by Gandharvsen. As Ratansen is about to be executed, his bard reveals his identity. Gandharvsen then marries Padmavati to Ratansen, and also arranges 16,000 padmini women for his companions. ( Padmini is best among the four types of women, typically found only in Singhal.
) As Padmavati and Ratansen consummate their marriage in Singhal, Ratansen's first wife longs for him in Chittor. She uses a bird to send a message to Singhal, following which Ratansen decides to return to Chittor.
Ratansen has excessive pride in being married to the most beautiful woman on the earth, for which he is punished by a sea storm during the return journey. He and Padmavati are rescued by the Ocean, but all their followers die in the storm. Lakshmi, the daughter of the Ocean, tests Ratansen's love for Padmavati by appearing before him disguised as Padmavati.
Ratansen passes the test, and is rewarded with gifts by the Ocean and Lakshmi. With these gifts, he recruits a new entourage at, and returns to Chittor.
In Chittor, Padmavati and Nagmati rival for Ratansen's attention. Initially, he placates them by spending nights with them alternately, but then establishes peace by reprimanding them. Meanwhile, he banishes the courtier Raghav Chetan for fraudulently winning a contest.
Padmavati gifts Raghav her in order to placate him. Raghav goes to the court of in Delhi. When asked about the bangle, he describes the unmatched beauty of Padmavati. Alauddin then besieges Chittor, and demands Padmavati for himself. Ratansen rejects the demand, offering to pay a instead. Alauddin rejects the offer, and the siege continues.
Finally, as part of fresh terms of peace, Ratansen invites Alauddin as a guest inside the fort, against the advice of his vassals. Alauddin deceitfully catches a glimpse of Padmavati, captures Ratansen, and returns to Delhi. Padmavati asks Gora and Badal to help her free Ratansen. The two men and their followers enter the fortress of Delhi, disguised as Padmavati and her companions. They free Ratansen, but Gora is killed fighting during the escape, while Badal takes Ratansen to Chittor. During Ratansen's absence, the ruler Devpal proposes marriage to Padmavati.
On his return, Ratansen learns about this insult, and decides to punish Devpal. In the ensuing single combat, Ratansen and Devpal kill each other. Meanwhile, Alauddin's army reaches Chittor.
Facing a certain defeat, Nagmati and Padmavati along with other women of the fort commit suicide by (mass self-immolation), while the men fight to death. Alauddin captures an empty fortress, thus denied his prize. Alauddin reflects on his, and the nature of insatiable. He picks up the ashes of Ratansen and his wives Padmavati and Nagmati, lamenting that he 'wanted to avoid this'. Alauddin continues, 'Desire is insatiable, permanent / but this world is illusory and transient / Insatiable desire man continues to have / Till life is over and he reaches his grave.' Manuscripts The earliest extant manuscripts of Padmavat vary considerably in length, and are written in a number of different scripts, including,. The Nastaʿlīq manuscripts form the oldest layer of the text.
The earliest extant manuscript of Padmavat is a Nastaliq manuscript copied in 1675 in, by Muhammad Shakir. It was discovered in, and contains interlinear Persian translations. Other Persian manuscripts include the ones copied by Rahimdad Khan of Shahjahanpur (1697) and Abdulla Ahmad Khan Muhammad of Gorakhpur (1695). The Kaithi manuscripts contain a large number of additional verses, and are often incomplete or poorly transcribed. Mataprasad Gupta published a of the text, based on five different manuscripts, the earliest of which is from the 17th century.
Translations and adaptations The earliest known adaptation of Padmavat is Prem Nama' (1590) of Hansa Dakkani, a court poet of Ibrahm Shah of. Twelve adaptations of Padmavat exist in Persian and Urdu. The most famous of these are Rat-Padam and Shama-wa-parwanah.
The Rat-Padam (1618) of Mulla Abdul Shakur or Shaikh Shukrullah Bazmi of follows the plot of Padmavat closely, but omits the symbolism for characters and events. The Shama-wa-parwanah (1658) of Aqil Khan Razi (a governor of under ) retains the Sufi symbolism.
The epic poem was translated into in the 16th century. It inspired a number of novels, plays and poems in 19th-century.
It also had Bengali adaptations by in 1906 and in 1909. Padmavat is the ultimate source of 's opera (1923). Early cinematic adaptations include the (1963) and the Maharani Padmini (1964). (2018), a directed by, is based on the Padmavat. Historicity The late medieval historians such as and Hajiuddabir adapted the Padmavat legend as history, but their accounts suffer from inconsistencies.
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The later bards also adapted and expanded the legend, without consideration to historical facts. Hemratan's Gora Badal Padmini Chaupai (c. 1589 CE) became the first popular Rajput adaptation of the legend. Between 16th and 18th centuries, more Rajput versions of the Padmavati legend were compiled in present-day Rajasthan, under the patronage of the Rajput chiefs. Most medieval histories written after Firishta (16th century), including the 18th century Bahrulamvaj, mention the Padmavati episode. The close resemblances in the various legendary narratives about Padmavati indicate that either all these accounts are based on Jaisi's Padmavat or they are indeed a historical fact. Also mentions the story in his Storia do Mogor, but places it during the 16th century king 's invasion of Chittor.
Historian points out several inconsistencies in the Padmavat legend. For example, that Ratnasimha had ascended the throne in 1301, and was defeated by Alauddin in 1303 whereas Padmavat claims that Ratnasimha spent 12 years in quest of Padmavati, and then 8 years in conflict with Alauddin. Lal also points out the inconsistencies in the narratives of the later medieval historians. For example, Firishta states that Alauddin ordered his son Khizr Khan to evacuate Chittor in 1304, and then appointed a nephew of Ratnasimha as its new governor.
However, Khizr Khan left Chittor much after 1304. According to Lal, Jaisi himself suggests that Padmavat is meant to be an, not a narration of a historical event, because the author mentions that in his narrative, Chittor stands for the body, Raja (Ratnasimha) for the mind, Singhal for the heart, Padmavati for wisdom, and Alauddin for lust. Lal concludes that the only historical facts in the legend are that Alauddin captured Chittor, and that the women of the fort (including a queen of Ratnasimha) died in. Believes that even the jauhar narrative is a fabrication: the contemporary chronicler refers to the jauhar during the earlier, but does not mention any jauhar at Chittor. The poem Padmavat ends with Jayasi's own words, 'I have made up the story and related it.' According to historian Aditya Mukherjee, in 'the contemporary period, there is no mention of this event, no accounts of Padmavati by, a prolific writer of the era and a courtier of Alauddin Khilji.' He states that there 'is no historical evidence of this Padmavati event - this story is a poet's imagination'.
References. The Library of Congress. Retrieved 12 October 2017. 9 October 2017.
Meyer, William Stevenson; Burn, Richard; Cotton, James Sutherland; Risley, Herbert Hope (1909). Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2009-04-06. Asher, Catherine B.; Talbot, Cynthia (2006). 23 November 2017. 20 November 2017. From the original on 4 June 2017.
24 November 2017. 9 October 2017., pp. 123-126., pp. 370-371., pp. 127-128. 24 November 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2017. Bibliography.